This course will examine the implications of the fall of Granada for the Muslim world, as well as the interplay of the social, economic, cultural, and political factors that led to the emergence and decline of numerous Muslim polities in Europe, Asia, and Africa. Special emphasis will be placed on the Ottoman, Safavid, Mughal, and various West African Muslim polities. The course will analyze the consolidation of European domination over most of the Muslim lands and Muslim resistance to that domination, including the emergence of modern Muslim revivalist movements. The course will also examine the evolution of Muslim communities in Europe and America during the latter half of the twentieth century and the various Western responses to the consolidation and expansion of those communities.